millimeter yoj(mmWave) yog cov electromagnetic spectrum band nrog lub wavelength ntawm 10mm (30 GHz) thiab 1mm (300 GHz).Nws raug xa mus rau raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws (EHF) band los ntawm International Telecommunication Union (ITU).millimeter nthwv dej nyob nruab nrab ntawm microwave thiab infrared nthwv dej nyob rau hauv lub spectrum thiab yuav siv tau rau ntau yam high-ceev wireless kev sib txuas lus daim ntaub ntawv, xws li point-to-point backhaul links.
Macro tiam sis nrawm cov ntaub ntawv loj hlob
Nrog rau kev thov thoob ntiaj teb ntau ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas, cov zaus bands tam sim no siv rau kev sib txuas lus wireless tau dhau los ua neeg coob, tsav qhov kev thov rau kev nkag mus rau ntau zaus bandwidth nyob rau hauv millimeter yoj spectrum.Ntau qhov kev sib tw macro tau ua kom nrawm dua qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv loj dua thiab nrawm.
1. Tus nqi thiab hom ntaub ntawv tsim thiab ua tiav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj yog nce exponentially txhua hnub.Lub ntiaj teb tso siab rau kev sib kis ceev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm cov khoom siv suav tsis txheeb txhua ob.Hauv 2020, txhua tus neeg tsim 1.7 MB ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib ob.(Source: IBM).Thaum pib ntawm 2020, lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv ntim tau kwv yees yog 44ZB (World Economic Forum).Los ntawm 2025, lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv tsim yuav tsum ncav cuag tshaj 175 ZB.Hauv lwm lo lus, khaws cia ntau cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj 12.5 billion ntawm cov hard drive niaj hnub no.(International Data Corporation)
Raws li United Nations kwv yees, 2007 yog thawj xyoo uas cov pej xeem hauv nroog tau tshaj cov neeg nyob deb nroog.Cov qauv no tseem tab tom txuas ntxiv, thiab nws xav tias los ntawm 2050, ntau tshaj li ob feem peb ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pej xeem yuav nyob hauv nroog.Qhov no tau ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv rau kev sib txuas lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj neeg coob coob.
3. Kev kub ntxhov thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb, los ntawm kev sib kis mus rau kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev nom kev tswv thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb, txhais tau hais tias cov teb chaws tau mob siab rau tsim lawv lub peev xwm los daws cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis ruaj khov hauv ntiaj teb.Tsoomfwv thoob plaws ntiaj teb cia siab tias yuav txo lawv txoj kev cia siab rau kev xa khoom los ntawm lwm thaj chaw thiab txhawb kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thev naus laus zis, thiab kev tsim vaj tsev.
4. Nrog rau lub ntiaj teb kev siv zog los txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thev naus laus zis tau qhib lub sijhawm tshiab los txo cov pa roj carbon ntau.Niaj hnub no, cov rooj sib tham thiab rooj sib tham feem ntau muaj nyob online.Txawm tias cov txheej txheem kho mob tuaj yeem raug tua nyob deb yam tsis xav tau cov kws phais neeg tuaj rau hauv chav ua haujlwm.Tsuas yog ultra ceev, txhim khu kev qha, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov ntaub ntawv latency qis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov haujlwm no.
Cov xwm txheej macro no ua rau tib neeg khaws, xa, thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv ntau thiab ntau dua thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tseem xav tau kev sib kis ntawm qhov nrawm dua thiab nrog tsawg latency.
Lub luag haujlwm dab tsi tuaj yeem ua lub millimeter nthwv dej?
Lub millimeter yoj spectrum muab qhov dav txuas ntxiv, tso cai rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua.Tam sim no, lub microwave zaus siv rau kev sib txuas lus wireless feem ntau tau dhau los ua neeg coob coob thiab tawg mus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj ntau lub bandwidths rau cov chaw tshwj xeeb xws li kev tiv thaiv, aerospace, thiab kev sib txuas lus xwm txheej ceev.
Thaum koj txav lub spectrum nce, qhov muaj tsis cuam tshuam spectrum feem yuav loj dua thiab qhov khaws cia yuav tsawg dua.Kev nce ntau zaus ua tau zoo ua rau qhov loj ntawm "pipeline" uas tuaj yeem siv los xa cov ntaub ntawv, yog li ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv loj dua.Vim qhov loj dua channel bandwidth ntawm millimeter nthwv dej, tsis tshua muaj kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem siv los xa cov ntaub ntawv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuab nrog qis dua latency.
Cov kev sib tw yog dab tsi?
Muaj cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho spectrum.Cheebtsam thiab semiconductors yuav tsum tau xa thiab tau txais cov cim qhia ntawm millimeter nthwv dej yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom - thiab muaj cov txheej txheem tsawg dua.Kev tsim cov millimeter yoj Cheebtsam kuj yog qhov nyuaj dua vim tias lawv tsawg dua, yuav tsum muaj kev sib dhos siab dua thiab ua tib zoo tsim cov kev sib txuas thiab kab noj hniav kom txo qis thiab tsis txhob oscillations.
Kev nthuav tawm yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas tau ntsib los ntawm millimeter yoj teeb liab.Ntawm qhov ntau zaus, cov teeb liab yuav raug thaiv lossis txo los ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev xws li phab ntsa, ntoo, thiab vaj tse.Hauv cheeb tsam tsev, qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub millimeter nthwv dej yuav tsum tau nyob sab nraum lub tsev kom nthuav tawm cov teeb liab sab hauv.Rau backhaul thiab satellite mus rau hauv av kev sib txuas lus, yuav tsum muaj zog amplification ntau dua kom xa cov teeb liab mus rau qhov ntev.Nyob rau hauv av, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm point-to-point links yuav tsis pub tshaj 1 mus rau 5 kilometers, es tsis yog qhov loj dua qhov deb-frequency networks yuav ua tau.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, xav tau ntau lub hauv paus chaw nres tsheb thiab kav hlau txais xov kom xa cov millimeter nthwv dej teeb liab nyob rau qhov ntev.Txhim kho qhov kev txhim kho ntxiv no yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm thiab nqi ntau dua.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev xaav ntawm satellite constellation tau sim daws qhov teeb meem no, thiab cov satellite constellation ib zaug ntxiv siv millimeter nthwv dej ua lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov architecture.
Qhov twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws xa mus rau millimeter nthwv dej?
Qhov kev nthuav tawm luv luv ntawm millimeter nthwv dej ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev xa mus rau hauv cov nroog uas muaj neeg coob coob nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntau heev.Lwm txoj hauv kev rau wireless network yog fiber ntau optic networks.Hauv cov nroog loj, kev khawb txoj kev los txhim kho cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tshiab yog qhov kim heev, kev puas tsuaj, thiab siv sijhawm ntev.Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, millimeter nthwv dej sib txuas tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo nrog cov nqi cuam tshuam tsawg kawg hauv ob peb hnub.
Cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi ua tiav los ntawm millimeter yoj cov cim yog piv rau cov fibers optical, thaum muab qis latency.Thaum koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ceev heev thiab latency tsawg heev, kev sib txuas wireless yog thawj qhov kev xaiv - yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li siv hauv kev sib pauv khoom lag luam uas millisecond latency tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, tus nqi ntawm kev txhim kho fiber ntau optic cables feem ntau txwv tsis pub vim qhov kev ncua deb.Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, millimeter yoj ntauwd tes hauj lwm kuj xav tau kev nqis peev tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam.Txoj kev daws teeb meem no yog siv lub ntiaj teb qis orbit (LEO) satellites lossis high-altitude pseudo satellites (HAPS) los txuas cov ntaub ntawv mus rau thaj chaw deb.LEO thiab HAPS tes hauj lwm txhais tau hais tias tsis tas yuav nruab fiber ntau optics lossis tsim kom deb li deb point-to-point wireless networks, thaum tseem muab cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev.Satellite kev sib txuas lus twb tau siv millimeter nthwv dej teeb liab, feem ntau nyob rau hauv qis kawg ntawm spectrum - Ka zaus band (27-31GHz).Muaj qhov chaw nthuav dav mus rau ntau zaus, xws li Q / V thiab E zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov chaw nres tsheb rov qab rau cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv av.
Kev sib txuas lus rov qab ua lag luam yog nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm microwave mus rau millimeter yoj zaus.Qhov no yog tsav los ntawm kev nce siab hauv cov neeg siv khoom siv (cov khoom siv tes tuav, khoos phis tawj, thiab Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam (IoT)) dhau kaum xyoo dhau los, uas tau ua kom qhov kev thov rau ntau thiab ceev cov ntaub ntawv.
Tam sim no, cov tswv lag luam satellite vam tias yuav ua raws li cov piv txwv ntawm cov tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus thiab nthuav dav kev siv millimeter nthwv dej hauv LEO thiab HAPS systems.Yav dhau los, tsoos geostationary equatorial orbit (GEO) thiab nruab nrab lub ntiaj teb orbit (MEO) satellites nyob deb dhau ntawm lub ntiaj teb los tsim cov neeg siv kev sib txuas lus ntawm millimeter yoj zaus.Txawm li cas los xij, kev nthuav dav ntawm LEO satellites tam sim no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov kab txuas millimeter yoj thiab tsim cov kev sib txuas siab uas xav tau thoob ntiaj teb.
Lwm qhov kev lag luam kuj tseem muaj peev xwm los siv millimeter yoj thev naus laus zis.Hauv kev lag luam automotive, autonomous tsheb yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas ceev ceev thiab tsis tshua muaj latency cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua haujlwm kom nyab xeeb.Hauv kev kho mob, cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev thiab txhim khu kev qha yuav xav tau los pab cov kws phais neeg nyob deb kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem kho mob.
Kaum Xyoo ntawm Millimeter Wave Innovation
Filtronic yog tus thawj coj millimeter yoj kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis hauv UK.Peb yog ib tug ntawm ob peb lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv lub UK uas muaj peev xwm tsim thiab manufacture advanced millimeter yoj kev sib txuas lus Cheebtsam ntawm ib tug loj teev.Peb muaj cov kws tshaj lij RF sab hauv (xws li cov kws tshaj lij millimeter yoj) xav tau los tsim cov tswv yim, tsim qauv, thiab tsim cov thev naus laus zis millimeter yoj tshiab.
Hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, peb tau koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj los tsim cov tshuab microwave thiab millimeter yoj transceivers, lub zog amplifiers, thiab subsystems rau backhaul networks.Peb cov khoom tshiab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm hauv E-band, uas muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau ultra-siab muaj peev xwm feeder txuas hauv kev sib txuas lus satellite.Ntau xyoo dhau los, nws tau maj mam hloov kho thiab txhim kho, txo qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi, txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom nce ntau lawm.Cov tuam txhab satellite tam sim no tuaj yeem zam tau ntau xyoo ntawm kev sim sab hauv thiab kev txhim kho los ntawm kev siv qhov chaw pov thawj qhov chaw xa khoom siv tshuab.
Peb tau cog lus rau qhov ua ntej ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, tsim cov thev naus laus zis sab hauv thiab sib koom ua ke tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom loj.Peb ib txwm coj kev lag luam hauv kev tsim kho tshiab kom ntseeg tau tias peb cov thev naus laus zis tau npaj txhij rau kev xa tawm raws li cov koom haum tswj hwm qhib cov kab hluav taws xob tshiab.
Peb twb tau tsim W-band thiab D-band thev naus laus zis los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua hauv E-band nyob rau xyoo tom ntej.Peb ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg siv khoom lag luam los pab lawv tsim kom muaj kev sib tw kom zoo dua los ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov nyiaj tau los thaum cov kab hluav taws xob tshiab qhib.
Dab tsi yog kauj ruam tom ntej rau millimeter nthwv dej?
Kev siv tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, thiab cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kuj tseem txhim kho tas li.Augmented kev muaj tiag tau los txog, thiab IoT cov cuab yeej tau dhau los ua txhua yam.Ntxiv rau cov ntawv thov hauv tsev, txhua yam los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam loj mus rau thaj chaw roj thiab roj thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear tau hloov mus rau IoT thev naus laus zis rau kev saib xyuas tej thaj chaw deb - txo qis kev xav tau kev cuam tshuam hauv phau ntawv thaum ua haujlwm cov chaw ua haujlwm nyuaj.Kev vam meej ntawm cov no thiab lwm yam kev nce qib hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis yuav nyob ntawm kev ntseeg siab, ceev, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas uas txhawb nqa lawv - thiab millimeter nthwv dej muab lub peev xwm xav tau.
millimeter nthwv dej tsis tau txo qhov tseem ceeb ntawm zaus hauv qab 6GHz hauv kev sib txuas lus wireless.Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv rau cov spectrum, ua kom cov ntawv thov sib txawv kom ua tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv loj, tsis tshua muaj latency, thiab kev sib txuas ntau dua.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev siv millimeter nthwv dej kom ua tiav qhov kev cia siab thiab cov hauv kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntsig txog thev naus laus zis yog kev ntseeg.Tab sis kuj muaj kev sib tw.
Txoj cai yog qhov nyuaj.Nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov siab dua millimeter yoj zaus band kom txog thaum cov thawj coj tswj hwm tau tshaj tawm cov ntawv tso cai rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.Txawm li cas los xij, kev kwv yees kev loj hlob ntawm kev xav tau txhais tau hais tias cov neeg tswj hwm tau nce siab kom tso tawm ntau qhov spectrum kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo thiab cuam tshuam.Kev sib koom ntawm spectrum ntawm passive daim ntawv thov thiab cov kev siv nquag xws li huab cua satellites kuj yuav tsum muaj kev sib tham tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam, uas yuav tso cai rau ntau zaus bands thiab ntau ntxiv spectrum yam tsis tau tsiv mus rau Asia Pacific Hz zaus.
Thaum ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov cib fim muab los ntawm cov bandwidth tshiab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj cov thev naus laus zis tsim nyog los txhawb kev sib txuas lus ntau dua.Yog vim li cas Filtronic tab tom tsim W-band thiab D-band technologies rau yav tom ntej.Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas peb koom tes nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, tsoomfwv, thiab kev lag luam los txhawb kev txhim kho kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub hauv cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm wireless technology yav tom ntej.Yog tias UK yuav ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus thoob ntiaj teb yav tom ntej, nws yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm tsoomfwv kev nqis peev rau hauv thaj chaw zoo ntawm RF thev naus laus zis.
Raws li kev koom tes hauv kev kawm, tsoomfwv, thiab kev lag luam, Filtronic plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis kev sib txuas lus uas yuav tsum tau muab cov haujlwm tshiab thiab muaj peev xwm nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb uas cov ntaub ntawv xav tau ntau ntxiv.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-27-2023
